Since posts on Charge Coupled Device and CMOS Active Pixel Sensor have already been posted, it is time to know their comparison, advantages and disadvantages. Though both of them are equally used in cameras, there are some differences in parameters like gain, speed and so on. Comparison – Charge Coupled Device and CMOS Active Pixel […]
Active Pixel Sensor (APS) is an image sensor, made up of an array of pixel sensors. In these pixel sensors, each pixel sensor consists of a photo detector and an amplifier. Out of these APS, the most notable is the CMOS Active Pixel Sensor (CMOS APS). CMOS APS has great applications in cameras and also
Charge Coupled Device (CCD) – Definition CCD was developed in the year 1969 by Willard Boyle and George E. Smith at AT & T Bell Labs. It is a shift register device which can be used for the movement of electrical charge within the device. This movement can be from one area of the device
The chip design includes different types of processing steps to finish the entire flow. For anyone, who just started his carrier as a VLSI engineer has to understand all the steps of the VLSI design flow to become  good in his area of operations. There are different types of design procedures for analog/digital designs and
Description. The circuit diagram shown here is of a automatic changeover switch using IC LTC4412 from Linear Technologies. This circuit can be used for the automatic switchover of a load between a battery and a wall adapter.LTC4412 controls an external P-channel MOSFET to create a near ideal diode function for power switch over and load
The work of a camera – photography is considered to be one of the greatest inventions of mankind. It has not only helped us see the entire world through a click, but has also transformed how people conceive the world. They can also be kept as a remembrance for the rest of our life. Camera
Description. Here is the circuit diagram of a 12V boost converter using IC LM2698 from National Semiconductors. The LM2698 is a general purpose boost converter with an 18V, 1.35A. 0.2 Ohm internal switch. This results in high efficiency power conversion to outputs ranging from 2.2V to 17V DC. The input supply voltage range is 2.2V
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There are a lot of house hold electric stuffs that use transformers. For example, speakers, mobile or torch chargers, modems, cordless phones, radios and many more. Usually after their main use, e tend to keep them as it was, that is plugged. If you want to charge a mobile phone, you connect it to the
Description. Here is the circuit diagram of a 5V buck switching regulator based on the IC LM2678 from National Semiconductors. LM2678 series of regulators are monolithic integrated circuits which provide all necessary functions required for a buck switching regulator and can drive up to 5A loads. The IC has more than 90% efficiency and has
In our busy lives, cars are sought out to be one of the best modes of transportation. But, with the rising economy, people tend to buy cars that have better mileage. But still we think of trading cars with something that is cheaper when we look at the rising petrol costs. Though we do not
To all our dear readers, CircuitsToday.com crossed 2500 subscribers today and its still counting. We are glad to announce this happy news and share this joyous moment with all our subscribers. We are celebrating this event with a new design for CircuitsToday.com , which is created using latest web 2.0 colours and styles. Are you
Description. This is the circuit diagram of the simplest single chip AM radio. The circuit is designed around the IC ZN414Z which is a ten transistor tuned radio frequency receiver .The IC has only three leads and is available in the TO92 package. All necessary circuits required for an AM receiver (RF amplifier, detector and
Description. A very stable and simple FM transmitter circuit is given here. With a matching antenna, this transmitter can attain a range of around 200 meters. I assembled this transmitter few years and got very good results. Let us see how the circuit works. A condenser microphone (K1) is used to pick the sound to
23rd international conference on VLSI design was held at Nimhans Convention Center, Bangalore from January 3 -7, 2010. In the same venue 9th international conference on embedded systems was also conducted. It was a joint conference forum for VLSI designers and researchers to present and discuss various aspects of VLSI Design, electronic design automation (EDA,
Description. First of all let me remind you that this circuit is a very dangerous one. The output voltage of this circuit is in Kilo volts and it can seriously injure you or kill you. Try this circuit only if you have enough experience dealing with high voltages. I have no responsibility on any hazards
Studies have shown that the past decade had a rise in the number of cars to almost 500% than the previous one! This rise in cars has also been a major cause for the vast environmental pollution throughout the world. The introduction of electric cars has proved that they are very much environmental friendly and
Making a frequency to voltage converter – All you need to know Description LM331 is basically a precision voltage to frequency converter from National Semiconductors. The IC has a hand full of applications like analog to digital conversion, long term integration, voltage to frequency conversion, frequency to voltage conversion. Wide dynamic range and excellent linearity
Description. Here is a simple circuit for controlling the speed of DC operated PCB drills. The heart of this circuit is the ICLM3578 which is a very efficient integrated switching regulator that can be used for applications like this. The LM3578 has separate inverting and non inverting feedback inputs (pin1 and pin2), 1V internal reference
Description. Here is the circuit diagram of an opamp based subwoofer filter. Audio frequencies below 200Hz are considered to be in the subwoofer range. So a subwoofer filter will be essentially a low pass filter with a cut off frequency of 200Hz.The working of this straight forward circuit is as follows. The left channel of
The bipolar junction transistor is the one which amplifies a small change in input current to produce a large change in output current. Another type of transistor, called a field effect transistor (FET), converts a change in input voltage into a change in output current and thus the gain of an FET is measured by
Nowadays desktop PC’s are getting diminished due to the high demand for laptops. Though both desktops and laptops have the same specifications, the way they are put together is what makes them different. You can carry your laptops wherever you like and can also be run on battery unlike a desktop computer (though it runs
Description. This circuit is designed in response to a request made by Mr Vignesh. What he requested was a circuit for recording and playing voice. I think this circuit is enough for the purpose. This circuit is based on the IC ISD1020A from ISD. The ISD1020A is a CMOS single chip record/playback device. The chip
Working Of Inductors I have explained many articles on various electronic circuits, which shows applications of Inductors. But I have not explained the proper working of inductor till now. Inductors are used in many analog circuits and are also used along with capacitors for forming filter circuits and thus signal processing. They are also used
Description. Here is the circuit of a very simple transistor tester which used two LEDs for displaying the condition of a transistor. Both PNP as well as NPN transistors can be tested using this circuit. Quad 2 input CMOS NAND gate IC CD4011B is the heart of the circuit. Out of the four NAND gates
