Water level controller using 8051
Water level controller using 8051.
A water level controller based using 8051 is shown in this article. A lot of water level controller projects have been published in this website but the is the first one based on a microcontroller. This water level controller monitors the level of the over head tank and automatically switches on the water pump when ever the level goes below a preset limit. The level of the over head tank is indicated using 5 leds and the pump is switched of when the over head tank is filled. The pump is not allowed to start if the water level in the sump tank is low and also the pump is switched off when the level inside the sump tank goes low during a pumping cycle. The circuit diagram of the water level controller is shown below.
The level sensor probes for the overhead tank are interfaced to the port 2 of the microcontroller through transistors. Have a look at the sensor probe arrangement for the overhead tank in Fig1. A positive voltage supply probe goes to the down bottom of the tank. The probes for sensing 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 and FULL levels are placed with equal spacing one by one above the bottom positive probe. Consider the topmost (full level) probe, its other end is connected to the base of transistor Q4 through resistor R16. Whenever water rises to the full level current flows into the base of transistor Q4 which makes it ON and so its collector voltage goes low. The collector of Q4 is connected to P2.4 and a low voltage at P2.4 means the over head tank is not FULL. When water level goes below the full level probe, the base of Q2 becomes open making it OFF. Now its collector voltage goes high and high at P2.4 means the tank is not full. The same applies to other sensor probes (3/4, 1/2, 1/4) and the microprocessor understands the current level by scanning the port pins P2.4 ,P2.5, P2.6 and P2.7. All these port pin are high (all sensor probes are open) means the tank is empty.
Port pin P0.5 is used to control the pump. When ever it is required start pumping, the controller makes P0.5 low which makes transistor Q6 ON which in turn activates the relay K1 that switches the pump. Also the LED d6 glows indicating the motor is ON. LED D7 is the low sump indicator. When the water level in the sump tank goes low, the controller makes P0.7 low which makes LED D7 to glow. The circuit diagram of the water level controller is shown in the figure below.
Circuit diagram.
Water level controller using 8051
Program.
MOV P2,#11111111B // initiates P2 as sensor input
MOV P0,#11111111B // initiates P2 as the output port
MOV A,#00000000B
MAIN:ACALL SMPCK // checks the level of the sump tank
MOV A,P2 // moves the current status of P2 tp A
CJNE A,#11110000B,LABEL1 // checks whether tank is full
SETB P0.1
SETB P0.2
SETB P0.3
SETB P0.4
CLR P0.0 // glows full level LED
SETB P0.5
LABEL1:MOV A,P2
CJNE A,#11111000B,LABEL2 // checks whether tank is 3/4
SETB P0.0
SETB P0.2
SETB P0.3
SETB P0.4
CLR P0.1 // glows 3/4 level LED
LABEL2:MOV A,P2
CJNE A,#11111100B,LABEL3 // checks whether tank is 1/2
SETB P0.0
SETB P0.1
SETB P0.3
SETB P0.4
CLR P0.2 // glows 1/2 level LED
LABEL3:MOV A,P2
CJNE A,#11111110B,LABEL4 // checks whether tank is 1/4
SETB P0.0
SETB P0.1
SETB P0.2
SETB P0.4
CLR P0.3 // glows 1/4 level LED
JB P0.6,LABEL4
CLR P0.5 // switches motor ON
LABEL4:MOV A,P2
CJNE A,#11111111B,MAIN // checks whether tank is empty
SETB P0.0
SETB P0.1
SETB P0.2
SETB P0.3
CLR P0.4 // glows EMPTY LED
JB P0.6,MAIN // checks whether sump is low
CLR P0.5 // switches motor ON
SJMP MAIN
SMPCK:JB P0.6,LABEL5 // checks whether sump is low
SETB P0.7 // extinguishes the sump low indicator LED
SJMP LABEL6
LABEL5:SETB P0.5 // switches the pump OFF
CLR P0.7 // glows sump low indicator LED
LABEL6:RET
END
You may also like:
My mail: royallabideas@rockectmail.com.
KALPESH CHHABHAIYA
Pls can you snd a display pix of urs to my mail. Pls apart from d code modification, wht other modification did u do?
Sir,
Can u please send me a detailed report on this project… i would like to undertake this project…. i would really appreciate it if you could do it at the earliset
Hey i need full report on the water level controlling using 8051
Hi kalpesh
can you send me the true program?
sir,
please provide me more information about water level sensing and how probes does the job in sensing the water. Please explain the principle of sensing the water level at various level.
thank you,
sathya.
sir i need to know which program assemble to generate hex code,plz give me idea
sir i want to know that can i use pic c compiler for this coding . if not which compiler i can use for generating its hex code or else u provide me the hex code.
Hai
kaya hum at89s51 ki jagah per at89c51 use kar sakte h please reply my gmail id krishank652@gmail.com
Respected sir, This circuit is very very good but i want to use this circuit with main water line (when the water is available in a line . the motor will start automatically?
is it possible ????
Best Regards
M.saleem
panaqta
Dear Sir/Madam,
I have convert program in to hex file & load it, but it’s not working. So if you give me hex file for the same ckt than it will helpful to me.
Thank you
Hi
if i use this program to picaxe as it is . will it work.
Hello sir
is there any problem if i use picaxe instead of microcontrolle.
can we get 8051 microcontroller with allready programmed or we have to construct the ckt and then we have to programmed it using all the option of tank full or empety so on please let me know
can you do the addission
Sir I cant
Hi,
this water level circuit 8051 is very good.
can you add under ground water pipe line water sensor. when the water comes in the under ground main pipe line. the moter will start automatically.
how much it cost?
can i get the embedded c program for this water level controller?
can i used a at89s52 instead of at89s51?
is the program working?
i want to implement this diagram
i need help ….. i want pcb layout please anyone can help me
contact no 9664531396
hello,i need the complete procedure in implementing water level indicator using 8051 with Multisim software.
your circuit is very good. but i have three questions
.1. cant we use two motors One for upper Tank and other for sump tank. (how can)
2. if the water is not in the line the sum pump stop, (is it possible)
3. when the water in the line it will star automatically
waiting for the reply
hello sir,
would u plz let me know what short of precaution need to be taken for the water taken for use from the over head tank, as it is holding continous +5dc supply. also getting trouble in connecting the relay & the motor.
waiting for yor reply.
hello jojo,
can u plz tell what will be the changes in this project if we use 2 sump tank instead of 1
hello jojo
i use this circuit to do my project,my problem is : if i do it in simulation what i put instead of water ?? thank you
hello,
i have some questions : 1- are the sensors are copper wire with 2.2k ohm?
2- i use proteus program designer which require hex file and when i put the code in compiler there are many errors???
3- in the simulation (proteus)what i put instead of water ??
Months ago, i tried this kind of concept, which senses the water level and controls the motor etc, the prototype worked very well, but the reason i ceased the actual implementation of the prototype was that i had a doubt about the risk of electric shock !!! When i googled about the minimum current that can be fatal, the results were shocking as well ! So please, guide me through this. i have completely working hardware (similar to yours) and software ready to be implemented…
there is a mistake in your code the second line of the code..
to initiates P0 as the output port you had moved MOV P0,#11111111B
this should be MOV P0,#00000000B I do not no exactly this is a mistake or
not kindly check it back & reply with your comment.
any hot the design is good.
sir I am very interested in doing projects related to 8051. I have learnt it only in book I dont hav any idea abt the s/w used. can I get the compiler online give me advice to start a good poject. I am a beginer so help me
i am unable to convert c file to hex file plz tell me procedures to convert in MIDE5 compiler, also send me a good c program for water level controller
MY email is purnendukumar50@gmail.com
Hello Purnendu,
We have lots of time constraints! I will definitely write an article on how to use MIDE 51. The assembly program for “water level controller” is quiet easy to understand. You just try reading it again and again (after having a good understanding of the instructions used)
than you
if I change 8051 with pic 16f84a is there any change in code
Hello Abdul, you just cant replace 8051 with PIC or any other micro controller like AVR. The reason is difference in “hardware architecture”. You can consider replacing the AT89S51 (from Atmel) microcontroller we have used in the circuit with other controllers of similar architecture – say AT89c52 or some other controllers. The controller must be compatible with MCS-51 instruction set too. If you are planning to use PIC, you can do so by rewiring the circuit in accordance with PIC architecture. You will also have to rewrite the codes based on PIC instruction set.
ya, there is a change in writing program
ould you pls explain to me that where do we connect the -ve terminals. and i am also confused abt the connection of the motor which pumps the water.
i will be eagerly waiting for your reply.
@ Purnendu,
Your doubts are not that clear! Can you be more specific ? If you are talking abt the “ground” terminal, then all terminals with a standard “ground symbol”, can be wired together as a common ground.
i mean how to connect motor and relay and how do i generate -ve voltage for starting microcontroller. plz explain in detail.
my email is purnendukumar50@gmail.com
plz send me hex code for AT89S51 for this water level controller circuit
http://www.circuitstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/water-level-controller-8051.png
its very urgent, i need it today
plz send me hex code for AT89S51 for this water level controller circuit
http://www.circuitstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/water-level-controller-8051.png
Hello Purnendu,
You can make the hex code yourself using a compiler software – like MIDE 51. You can download it from http://www.opcube.com/home.html#MIDE51
I am a new user. what are the procedures for converting c file to hex file using MIDE 51 . tell me in detail.
I didn’t manage to program the AT89S51,but was able to connect all other components. Can you please assist with the one you have already programmed and worked for you?
You can reach me via my email.
My email address is engeorgekkll@yahoo.com
Reply
hello sir,
this is very interesting. thank you for sharing this with all of us.
unfortunately i am still in my freshman year of college and have not studied micro-controllers in so much depth.
could you pls explain to me that where do we connect the -ve terminals. and i am also confused abt the connection of the motor which pumps the water.
i will be eagerly waiting for your reply.
thank you
hi, can u post “Remote Controlling of Home Appliances using GSM (SMS Technology)” project??
Its simple and easy….i took Rs 400 for me to construct this project….love it…thanks….
hi.im from kenya and an engineering student i wanna kw more abt this project..can we be in touch personally.my email is musti786110@hotmail.com..ur rep will be much appreciated.thanks!!
hi Santosh can you give your contact details…I need help to make it.
TIA
pankaj
Hello Pankaj,
You can email us to jojo@circuitstoday.com
how much the components costs in south india
Less than 300 INR for sure
need clear explination about project
If i use IO card for input to the circuit or check the conditions then which type of IO card i should use i.e pull up (active high) or pull down (active low).
Great nice design tell me one more think,
It is possible to use ULN2003 IC in the place of the transistors i think by using this ic we don’t have to use resistance and with the help of it circuit will became compact & more easy , is i am thinking write ? please tell me sir/mamm and can we also use a LCD screen to display the levels of water in the tank and when the tank is FULL will display on screen then a alarm will also run. what u think please tell me.
Hello Vivek,
Its possible to use an LCD display for the purpose, You need to modify the program accordingly. Refer this article:- http://www.circuitstoday.com/interfacing-16×2-lcd-with-8051
Sir,
i have no problem to use LCD for display the water level of tank i know its interfacing as well as programing with controller. but the real problem is how to USE IC ULN2003 at the place of transistors.and i think by useing this IC ULN2003 the circuit became more compact and cheaper. Is i am thinking right please tell me.
Sir,
Please try to think this circuit with IC ULN2003.
hi vivek,
we can use ULN2003 instead of transistors no problem with it. if you use ULN2003 the pull-up resistors are not required.
Regard’s
Bharath K
thank u very much.
i need a c program code for these abive assembly language program
pls giv the other app of this project.
i need clear explanation of this project…. can u tell me clearly…
Great!
I real like this project .I want to conect this circuit to the screan for display will u tell me how should i coentct it
admin…. if u have its connection on pcb can u upload it plz… i need it
Great,
What is that component,X1 11.2MHZ? And do i use IC used in the circuit diagram ie IC1 AT89S51 OR 8051,what the difference? want to be sure before purchasing one. Please also assist me on how to instal program in an IC. If need be,you can use my email.
Most obliged.
@Kaguai George – X1 is the crystal used – this article may be of some help – http://mihirknows.blogspot.in/2008/06/microcontroller-crystals-basic.html
8051 is the first micro controller developed by Intel, where as AT89S51 is a version of 8051 (with many advanced features) from Atmel. You may refer data sheets of AT89S51 and 8051 to know differences between both. I would recommend to buy AT89S51 (because you can use it for a wide variety of applications compared to 8051).
You can program AT89S51 using an In System Programmer (ISP).
I didn’t manage to program the AT89S51,but was able to connect all other components. Can you please assist with the one you have already programmed and worked for you?
You can reach me via my email.
My email address is engeorgekkll@yahoo.com
X1 is a crystal , it is used for generating the clock pulse for 8051.
8051 is a general name and there are a large number of controllers belonging to this family.
AT89S51 is one specific IC belonging to this family.You can use AT89S51, AT89C51 or anything like that. Go through the datasheets of these ICs for better understanding.
I didn’t manage to program the AT89S51,but was able to connect all other components. Can you please assist with the one you have already programmed and worked for you?
You can reach me via my email.
My email address is engeorgekkll@yahoo.com
AND YA u may forgot to connect all 2.2k (R9,R10,R11,R12) to connect at Vcc +5 AT Upper terminal which is floating right now……….
you are right that was a drawing mistake and i have corrected it. Now its fine
Hello Admin
I have doubt about CJNE A,#11110000B,CJNE A,#11111000B,CJNE A,#11111100B,CJNE A,#11111110B.I think it should be like CJNE A,#00001111B,CJNE A,#00001111B,CJNE A,#00111111B,CJNE A,#01111111B.As we selected D7 TO D4, PLZ clear my doubt …
There is no problem in using CJNE A,#11110000B,CJNE A,#11111000B,CJNE A,#11111100B,CJNE A,#11111110B. when touches a particular probe, the corresponding transistor goes ON and the corresponding input port pin goes low.
Your approach will also work, but the transistor interface between port 2 and the sensor probes should be modified so that the corresponding input port pin become high when the water touches the corresponding probe
But bro i as we connected the sensor to pin P2.7 TO P2.4 so when we checking the statues then 11110000B will indicate that P2.0=0, P2.1=0, P2.2=0, P2.3=0, P2.4=1, P2.5=1, P6.1=1, P2.7=1 BUT actually we want to do reverse of it ……….. I think u may be able to understand what i want to explain we . 00001111B will indicate that P2.0=1, P2.1=1, P2.2=1, P2.3=1, P2.4=0, P2.5=0, P6.1=0, P2.7=0 …
I cannot fully understand what you mean. Is your doubt related to input interface or the comparison logic using CJNE. Pls make it clear. Any way i have again tested the circuit in real world and it works fine.
Firstly 1s are written to all Port 2 pins.
Suppose there is 3/4 level in the tank, then the condition of the port2 will be surely P2.0=1, P2.1=1, P2.2=1, P2.3=1, P2.4=1 and the rest will be zeros.
Hello Admin
I maid this project for my home automatic water level detector and maintainer.but your code have mistake as i already told you. you should have to check it one again. i changed it and my project is running now success full at my home ……… so plz take a note of it.
kalpesh chhabhaiya
(always with u)
hi kalpesh. can u send me the correct program for this circuit. plese its urgent i have review tomorrow, please help me
hiii kalpesh. i need the working program for this project. please help me in it. i have a display tomorrow. please mail me the program its urgent
Hello sir
is this program running without error?
Means true?
And i want to know about connection of motor with relay.
Plz sir reply me
you are correct. i obtained the output by doing as you mentioned
this system is very good and i will try to develop it
plz send me full c code for this system instead of assembly
hello KALPESH CHHABHAIYA can u send me yr program? cause i have some problem with you,
you can send me yr hex code or yr program listing
smart ideas sir .can i use atmega16 instead 0f 8051.please advice through .and can i use AVR Studio to write the c program or send me the c program please